Hepatitis

Hepatitis ( inflammation of the liver )

The most common cause of it is virus

-these virus tend to target the cells of the liver 

They get in & infect these cells 

-they cause them to present abnormal proteins 

-CD8 T-cells recognize these abnormal proteins 

-then the hepatocyte go through cytotoxic killing of these cell & apoptosis 

-it mostly take a place in portal tract & lobules

-As the inflammation progress it produce symptoms:

-fever, malaise, nausea.

-hepatomegaly ( enlarged liver ) & pain.

-increase blood transaminase ( when cell are damage they release the enzymes ALT & AST )

-atypical lymphocytosis

-jaundice ( both conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin)

-dark urine 

(These symptoms according to the severity)

If symptoms or virus continue more than 6 months 

This gone from being acute to chronic.

At this point it mostly occur in the portal tract & fibrosis occur causing cirrhosis.